神経科学の社会的・法的影響 Social and Legal Issues of Neuroscience

P3-2-252 熟議型ワークショップの試行：一般市民はBMIについてどのような論点を有しているのか A Deliberative Workshop Trial: What Are the General Public's Concerns About BMI? ○礒部太一1, 水島希2, 加瀬郁子1, 大津奈都子1, 内田麻理香1, 佐倉統2 ○Taichi Isobe1, Nozomi Mizushima2, Ikuko Kase1, Natsuko Otsu1, Marika Uchida1, Osamu Sakura2 東京大院・学際情報学府1, 東京大院・情報学環2 Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo1, Interfaculty Intiative in Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo2 Recently, one of the emerging neuroscience technology, Brain Machine Interface (BMI) has attracted tremendous attention and large allocations from the national science budget, and it is crucial for rehabilitative and medical applications. However, neuroethical and social problems related to BMI have been reported, because BMI directly influences the human brain, possibly changing a person's character and identity. Therefore, because the value of BMI is as yet unclear, it can serve as a credible example of how the developing technology may interface with social reaction. On the basis of this background, we conducted a deliberative workshop with the general public to clarify the cost/benefit of BMI in a social context. From the perspective from upstream engagement, which is defined as follows: as early in the research stage as possible, having dialogue and discussion among the stakeholders who envision the technological influence (RSRAER 2004), because the general public are the potential users of emerging technologies, including BMI, upstream engagement can play a crucial role for canvassing their opinions and reflecting their opinions to technological development. In our workshop, which is designed to clarify risks and benefits of BMI in the near future, participants were office workers, housewives, and college students. The participants succeeded in identifying different aspects of BMI's risks and benefits from experts of neuroscience: for example, the effects of users' aging and the necessity for more public communication and participation in the research and development of BMI. In addition, we analyzed the concerns that emerged from the discussions and found crucial points such as, issues about the long term uses and concerns based on the discussants lived experience. These results suggested that deliberative workshops could serve as a powerful tool in participatory technology assessment.

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